education-spain.info

In recent times a lot of researched are dedicated to such problem as psychological consequences of immigration. And as apart of this wide research a smaller kind of research is carrying out.  The subject of this research is education of children of immigrants in Spain.

In general the process of immigration causes deep changes in the people’s minds and also these changes are complicated by such things as separation from close relatives and family members. Of course today a lot of processes of reunion are held on, but nevertheless all feelings, emotions, state of mind and soul of immigrants influence the process of education and perception of the whole process of education.

There are two sided in this influence. First one means that hard work of immigrants, the fight for surviving and other similar factors prevent from educational process. The other side is that all things which immigrants had seen and experiences during the process of resettlement persuade them that education is very important nowadays. That’s why a lot of immigrants are highly interested and motivated in getting education.

So, one of the main idea of this research is to show how the process of education of immigrants’ children influences their life within family, how it influences thoughts, views, expectations of the family of immigrants.

Results show that such immigrants have strong meritocratic views and thanks to their strength and persistence then can achieve a lot in their life.

Current Educational system in Spain is called LOGSE (Ley de Ordenación General del Sistema Educativo), this current Law of Education. The compulsory education in Spain begins at the age of 6 and finishes at the age of 16. Compulsory education consists of primary school and secondary school. Primary school lasts 6 years, secondary school lasts 4 years. Education under the age of six years also exists, but it is not obligatory. It depends upon possibilities which are in certain area. If there is an opportunity to begin child’s education early, children begin to visit infants’ school at the age of 3.
The academic year begins in the middle of September and finishes at the end of June, but dates can vary according to the region.

In order to pass from one grade to other grade it is necessary to accomplish all tasks which teachers create for students. It differs from British schools where students pass automatically from one grade to other.

At the end of secondary school student gets a Certificate of Secondary Education. After this, students can go to continue his education at one of four Spanish Bachillerato, the choice depends upon preferable student’s subject. Another variant is vocational training school. After the graduation of this stage of education, if student has adequate grades, he can enter the university. In order to enter Spanish university, it is necessary to pass entrance exam. In Spain as well as in Britain there are also special schools, like music, dance or art schools.

In order to get place in private Spanish schools it is necessary to apply directly to the school representatives. As for state schools, in every region there are own set of requirements which changes every year.

If you plan to enter the state school you need the following document: passports, child’s birth certificate, marriage certificate and other documents which confirm parents’ identity, also document which proves that you have a home and work in Spain.

Such forms of education as home education and online education are also available in Spain.

If you plan to put your child to Spanish school, you should know what schools are available in the Spain and what will be suitable for you and your child. Here are several types of schools in Spain:
1.    International schools. In these schools students are taught according to British curriculum. Fees in such schools are lower then in original British schools and the number of places reduces rather fast.  Such international schools may belong either to NABSS (National Association of British Schools in Spain) or to ECIS (European Council of International Schools). If you are going to return to England in near future then choose international school where National Curriculum is followed and such exams as IGCSE, AS/A Level or IB are carried out. Except British direction there are also international German or French schools.
2.    Bilingual schools. In Spain you can find certain number of private schools where the teaching is carried out in two languages. For example, in Andalucía bilingual programs were recently introduced to several schools. Here is a European School in Alicante with bilingual process of education. Before it was mainly used for teaching future stuff for the EU, but today everyone can try to enter. Bright example of private international school is the Colegio Rincon in Rincon De La Victoria, situated in the southern part of the country. British Council also sends bilingual programs to several Spanish schools which are situated both in cities and villages.
3.    Spanish schools. In Spain schools can be either public or private. There are also private schools which nevertheless get funds from government and they are called Concertados. Theyusually combine primary and secondary schools in one.  Parents can apply for the school place in spring before the beginning of new academic year in the autumn.
The language of education in Spanish schools is as a rule Spanish, or together with second official language, it depends upon the region. In Valencia second language in Valencian, that’s why there are educational programs which combine Spanish and Valencian.  Such regions as Galicia and Basque Country also have second languages.

In recent times the interest towards first deaf communities increases. And it is normal that a lot of specialists are interested in such question as language and communication within such community. One of the significant works on this topic was written by Susan Plann, it is called “A silent minority: deaf education in Spain, 1550-1835”. This book represents detailed research dedicated to the development of deaf education from 16th century till the beginning of 19th century.

This work consists of six chapters with conclusion and epilogue. Plann begins her work with presentation of the activity of Benedictine Pedro Ponce de Leon. He was a monk at the San Salvador monastery in Ona. He taught deaf boys from rich and noble families who have enough funds to pay for such education for their children. That monk used the mixed method of education which comprised sign language, writing and speaking. Maybe those deaf students were the first founders of the first deaf community in Spain. But this thought is not confirmed, because there is no exact facts which could prove such theory. Further Susan Plann introduces to readers work of other deaf educators, one of them is Juan Pablo Bonet, who lived in 17th century. His method of deaf education was based on oral practice. Plann doesn’t agree with such approach to the deaf education, because as she claims, deaf people become really handicapped only when they are taught by methods which are not suitable for them.

The new period in the sphere of deaf education in Spain began thanks to the work of French specialist Abbe de l’Epee in 18th century. With the introduction of his sign language, the deaf education entered in the new stage of development. In 1975 the first Royal School for Deaf was opened in Madrid.

Before the War of Independence this school has a success and on that time two remarkable teachers were working there. They were def from birth Roberto Pradez and clergyman Miguel Alea. The work of the last one is remarkable because it demonstrates the connection of language, thought and speech of deaf people. Alea came to conclusion that with time sign language can be complicated as well as oral language.

 In recent times a lot of scientists and researchers have become very interested in the origin of deaf communities all over the world. All of them of course have their specific questions, but the common thing in all these matters in the connection between culture and language within deaf communities. Susan Plann wrote the book “A Silent Minority: Deaf Education in Spain, 1550-1835”. This book is a careful research of the history and development of deaf education in Span from the very beginning till the nineteenth century.

This work is divided into sic chronological chapters with conclusion and epilogue.

Plann begins her book with the mentioning of Benedictine monk Pedro Ponce de Leon who worked a lot with deaf boys from aristocratic families. He lived in 16th century. That monk didn’t leave a lot of written information about his work, but according to existing information, Ponce de Leon’s method was characterized by using certain mixture of writing, signs and speaking.

After Plann presents information about other Spanish people who made their contributions to the process of deaf education. One of them is Juan Pablo Bonet. In 17th century he claimed that oral method is the best way for education of deaf people.

In 18th century after certain success of French Abbe de l’Epee in the sphere of deaf education, Spanish specialists decided to follow the example of their northern neighbor. In 1795 the first deaf school was opened in Madrid according to the decree of Charles IV. The sign language designed by l’Epee was taken as a basic at the First royal Deaf School in Madrid.

Then the War of Independence began in Spain and during this period there were two men who were working for the development of deaf education. These are deaf since birth Roberto Pradez and an abbot Jose Miguel Alea.

As for 19th century, during this time a lot of schools for deaf people were opened in main cities in Spain. But still the problem of deaf education continues to be a topic one.

According to the rules of Spanish educational system, students get their first degree after four or five years of studies at the university. During first two or three years they have wide range of disciplines to study, but during the last two years they study more specialized courses.

As for Doctoral Degree, in order to get the Ph.D. degree student has to be enrolled to special Doctorate program in order to get Advanced Studies Degree. Such programs last at least two years.

Within Doctoral program student has to pass various compulsory courses, carry our original research and finally finish the program with writing of doctoral thesis during two years. Next two years should be dedicated to practical development and usage of the thesis and to writing doctoral dissertation. In such a way total duration of Doctoral program lasts at least four years.

Main sponsors of future owners of Ph.D. degrees are the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, local authorities, certain universities and research organizations. Postgraduates who are looking for grants should apply for them directly to potential sponsors.

It is sadly, but during pat years the number of students who didn’t finish Doctoral program in Spain increases. In many cases students choose to study in Doctoral program in order to enlarge the volume of their knowledge, but a lot of students don’t come to the end of the program.

Spanish first complete public education curriculum was listed in the Moyano Law in 1857. It remained essentially unaltered until 1970, at the time when the General Educational Law was passed.

The educational system comprises several levels:
1)     preschool level: children to age 6;
2)     primary school for pupils of 6 or 7 to 11years;
3)     secondary school is attended by teenagers from 12 to 16 years; this level includes vocational and technical schools;
4)     baccalaureate school is for 17 and 18 years old teenagers;
5)     University.

Education is compulsory and free for kids between 6 and 16 years. Literacy surpasses 95 % of the population.

Until 1960 the country had 12 universities, and such educational establishments were the privilege of elite. In 20th century, there appeared more than 60 private and public universities. Entering university became more democratic: in 80s a half of Spain’s students had mothers and fathers who had gained no more than a primary school education. In 90s near a half college-age people were attending any higher establishment. Among most-prestigious universities in the country are the University of Barcelona (1450), the University of Sevilla (1502), the University of Granada (1526), the University of Valencia (1499), the University of Salamanca (1218) and many others.

The educational system in the country is still in the condition of changing and some new reforms have not finished yet. The latest one is called Ley Orgánica de Calidad that aims to make better the Spanish educational quality. The Economic Co-operation and Development Organization inform placed Spanish education in the worst positions and underline the fact that the country has lots of unqualified schools in OECD states. After this news, the government warranted a great infusion of public financial resources into education system. But Spanish education is also one of the most accessible and egalitarian across the globe.

Education is obligatory for all 6-16 year kids. The Spanish consider education seriously and respect and thirst for getting knowledge that is not found in other countries. Students and their parents are keenly cognizant that academic training and qualifications are of great significance to find the perfect job.

Spain’s state-funded educational system is supplied by a complete network of private colleges, comprising many international and foreign colleges. About one-third of schoolchildren in Spain attend private schools, many of which are co-educational schools. State education is only co-educational and is utterly free, from nursery colleges to universities comprising the foreign residents’ children of.

From TV screen, different magazines and advertising posters beautiful blue-eyed blonds and hansom boys with white teeth are looking at you. Of cause you have some kind of envy for their perfect appearance and shape. You angry with the destiny for our physical defects and our efforts to become better with the help of various diets, physical exercises didn’t bring the expected relief and didn’t improve our face and body. Today many people resort to the help of cosmetic and plastic surgery. In fact, it is the best way to leave your hateful problems with the appearance and form. Beverly Hills cosmetic surgery is the easiest and fastest way to improve your physical problems and become the one you desire to be. With the help of such operation you have the opportunity to become younger and more attractive. All these are possible with Beverly Hills cosmetic surgery. If you spend much time with your family, relatives and friends and have made the final decision to have such operation, your next step is to find suitable and experienced surgeon. Beverly Hills plastic surgeon is a skillful worker who assists you to realize the exact appearance you always dream. You must carefully follow your surgeon’s advice and make everything he asks you in order to gain the perfect results. It is his obligation to help you in your demands, so you shouldn’t be afraid to ask him about all necessary things. You have the chance to improve your inner and outer condition. They say that if you have beautiful face and perfect body you will have constant good mood. Lots of friends and ideal wife or husband is guaranteed. It sounds funny, but often the appearance and success in life are the same components of good fortune. So, don’t leave the chance to succeed in life!

If you want to change your life, first change your appearance. This is one of the laws of how to become successful and desirable. It is some kind of a miracle, but when a person changes his or her appearance for better one, he or she immediately becomes more self-confident, and as a result, he achieves a success. And do you know what is the best, the fastest, and the most reliable way to get rid of the body flaws? The best, the fastest, and the most reliable way to get rid of your body flaws is to make Beverly Hills plastic surgery. I would like to bring you an example. One friend of mine from her earliest childhood was suffering from the unattractive shape of her nose. She was always laughed at schools because of that, you know how evil children could be. Therefore, until the time she became a young woman she was so self-unconfident, that she was sure that all her life she would spend alone. One day she heard about the rhinoplasty. Rhinoplasty is a kind of plastic surgery, with which help a shape of nose is changed for a better one. So, she decided to make it. She did not know anything at the subject, but she was lucky to get acquainted with the site – lipoonrodeo.com. This site is an official representative of the best plastic surgery clinics, and with the help of lipoonrodeo.com, she learnt all the necessary information about the rhinoplasty. This site made an appointment for her and her surgeon and after a talk with him; she decided to make a rhinoplasty. She was so satisfied with the results, that she even agreed to make Los Angeles breast augmentation, and she made it also with the help of lipoonrodeo.com. Now, she has so many admires, and her self-confidence stands at the proper level, so she has reached a great success, and she is not going to stop. And all this is only thank to lipoonrodeo.com.