education-spain.info

 In recent times a lot of scientists and researchers have become very interested in the origin of deaf communities all over the world. All of them of course have their specific questions, but the common thing in all these matters in the connection between culture and language within deaf communities. Susan Plann wrote the book “A Silent Minority: Deaf Education in Spain, 1550-1835”. This book is a careful research of the history and development of deaf education in Span from the very beginning till the nineteenth century.

This work is divided into sic chronological chapters with conclusion and epilogue.

Plann begins her book with the mentioning of Benedictine monk Pedro Ponce de Leon who worked a lot with deaf boys from aristocratic families. He lived in 16th century. That monk didn’t leave a lot of written information about his work, but according to existing information, Ponce de Leon’s method was characterized by using certain mixture of writing, signs and speaking.

After Plann presents information about other Spanish people who made their contributions to the process of deaf education. One of them is Juan Pablo Bonet. In 17th century he claimed that oral method is the best way for education of deaf people.

In 18th century after certain success of French Abbe de l’Epee in the sphere of deaf education, Spanish specialists decided to follow the example of their northern neighbor. In 1795 the first deaf school was opened in Madrid according to the decree of Charles IV. The sign language designed by l’Epee was taken as a basic at the First royal Deaf School in Madrid.

Then the War of Independence began in Spain and during this period there were two men who were working for the development of deaf education. These are deaf since birth Roberto Pradez and an abbot Jose Miguel Alea.

As for 19th century, during this time a lot of schools for deaf people were opened in main cities in Spain. But still the problem of deaf education continues to be a topic one.

According to the rules of Spanish educational system, students get their first degree after four or five years of studies at the university. During first two or three years they have wide range of disciplines to study, but during the last two years they study more specialized courses.

As for Doctoral Degree, in order to get the Ph.D. degree student has to be enrolled to special Doctorate program in order to get Advanced Studies Degree. Such programs last at least two years.

Within Doctoral program student has to pass various compulsory courses, carry our original research and finally finish the program with writing of doctoral thesis during two years. Next two years should be dedicated to practical development and usage of the thesis and to writing doctoral dissertation. In such a way total duration of Doctoral program lasts at least four years.

Main sponsors of future owners of Ph.D. degrees are the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, local authorities, certain universities and research organizations. Postgraduates who are looking for grants should apply for them directly to potential sponsors.

It is sadly, but during pat years the number of students who didn’t finish Doctoral program in Spain increases. In many cases students choose to study in Doctoral program in order to enlarge the volume of their knowledge, but a lot of students don’t come to the end of the program.

Spanish first complete public education curriculum was listed in the Moyano Law in 1857. It remained essentially unaltered until 1970, at the time when the General Educational Law was passed.

The educational system comprises several levels:
1)     preschool level: children to age 6;
2)     primary school for pupils of 6 or 7 to 11years;
3)     secondary school is attended by teenagers from 12 to 16 years; this level includes vocational and technical schools;
4)     baccalaureate school is for 17 and 18 years old teenagers;
5)     University.

Education is compulsory and free for kids between 6 and 16 years. Literacy surpasses 95 % of the population.

Until 1960 the country had 12 universities, and such educational establishments were the privilege of elite. In 20th century, there appeared more than 60 private and public universities. Entering university became more democratic: in 80s a half of Spain’s students had mothers and fathers who had gained no more than a primary school education. In 90s near a half college-age people were attending any higher establishment. Among most-prestigious universities in the country are the University of Barcelona (1450), the University of Sevilla (1502), the University of Granada (1526), the University of Valencia (1499), the University of Salamanca (1218) and many others.

The educational system in the country is still in the condition of changing and some new reforms have not finished yet. The latest one is called Ley Orgánica de Calidad that aims to make better the Spanish educational quality. The Economic Co-operation and Development Organization inform placed Spanish education in the worst positions and underline the fact that the country has lots of unqualified schools in OECD states. After this news, the government warranted a great infusion of public financial resources into education system. But Spanish education is also one of the most accessible and egalitarian across the globe.

Education is obligatory for all 6-16 year kids. The Spanish consider education seriously and respect and thirst for getting knowledge that is not found in other countries. Students and their parents are keenly cognizant that academic training and qualifications are of great significance to find the perfect job.

Spain’s state-funded educational system is supplied by a complete network of private colleges, comprising many international and foreign colleges. About one-third of schoolchildren in Spain attend private schools, many of which are co-educational schools. State education is only co-educational and is utterly free, from nursery colleges to universities comprising the foreign residents’ children of.

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Spanish language is a third popular language in the world after English and Mandarin Chinese.

Spanish language as well as Portuguese, French and Italian originated from Roman language, it means from Latin language and to be more exact from Vulgar Latin.

Latin language was often influenced by other cultures and languages and it lead to formation of different Roman languages. As for Spanish language, it has influences of Iberian and Celtic cultures.

Spanish language contains a lot of words of Greek origin, which were adopted firstly by Latin speakers and then by Spanish ones. For example: “escuela” (school) or “huérfano» (orphan) are word of Greek origin. And we also should remember about Arabic rule in Spain during seven centuries, some lexical features were adopted by Spanish language. Well0knows surname “Almodovar” is of Arabic origin.

Spanish language is also called “castellano”, because it appeared in the region of Castilla. Spanish language began to establish as official language of the country with the formation of united Spain after the Reconquest from Arabic domination. The Kingdom of Castilla became the center and the basis of the country. When Isabel I of Castilla and Fernando II of Aragon got married, the unification of the Spain was almost completed and Spanish language became the official language of Spain.

Don’t forget that conversational Spanish in different regions of the country has some differences, sometimes rather significant.

The organization which work with Spanish language, follow all changes in it is called the Real Academia de la Lengua Española.